DISCLOSURE / FILE
A 2010 Defense Intelligence Agency reference document, produced under the Advanced Aerospace Weapon System Applications (AAWSA) Program, analyzing electromagnetic-radiation injuries to humans from close-proximity encounters with anomalous aerospace systems.
A 2010 Defense Intelligence Agency reference document, produced under the Advanced Aerospace Weapon System Applications (AAWSA) Program, analyzing electromagnetic-radiation injuries to humans from close-proximity encounters with anomalous aerospace systems.
Dated 11 March 2010 with an ICOD of 1 December 2009, this DIA Defense Intelligence Reference Document is one of the AAWSA (AATIP-linked) series and marked UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY. It opens with a case of three antennae engineers who, within 72 hours of an anomalous aerospace-related event, developed erythema, fever, hair loss, cardiac palpitations, and in one case blood dyscrasia and signs of malignant transformation, attributed to near-field exposure to broad-band radiofrequency and microwave energies centered at about 785 MHz. The author compiles an additional 42 peer-reviewed cases plus roughly 300 unpublished cases of mixed exposures from 1 to 10 GHz at power densities above 100 mW/cm2, and argues that clinical diagnosis of injuries could help reverse-engineer physical characteristics of advanced aerospace systems of unknown provenance. The paper draws on a formerly SECRET/NOFORN INSCOM study (classified 1998, declassified 2006) describing directed field-effect capabilities.
Several years ago three previous fit and active individuals experienced an anomalous [“irregular, incongruous and inconsistent with their domain”] aerospace-related event. Within 72 hours they suffered medical signs and symptoms [acute and subacute effects].p.5
Extensive, but controversial investigations revealed the three had been subjected to an accidental exposure in the near-field [meters] to a broad-band ultrahigh radiofrequency mixed radiation of RF (radio frequency), NIEMR (non-ionizing electromagnetic radiation) & microwave energies [including non-specific and un-measured induced ionizing effects, probably mixed UVA, UVB and UVC (Ultra Violet A, B, C)] centered at about 785 MHz.p.5
This paper relates, summarizes, and analyzes evidence of unintended injury to human observers by anomalous advanced aerospace systems.p.5
Sufficient incidents/accidents have been accurately reported, and medical data acquired, as to support a hypothesis that some advanced systems are already deployed, and opaque to full US understanding.p.6
The biophysical characteristics of the injuries are well understood.p.6
It was a recent (1998), classified (until 2006) and controlled document: SECRET / NOFORN; Not to be disseminated to US Allies, NATO, or physically even be taken outside the United States except to secure US Embassy Military Attaché Facilities.p.11
The Airborne Instruments Laboratory {AIL}¥ in 1956, reported for the first time anecdotal evidence that persons could “hear” RF frequencies [10].p.13
Simple shielding, including tin-foil hats (sic!) will attenuate and often block totally the sounds and communications.p.13
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UNCLASSIFIED / / #@fe@PP3¢&r=USE-ONE=— Defense Intelligence Reference Document Pe Acquisition Threat Support 11 March 2010 ICOD: 1 December 2009 Anomalous Acute and Subacute Field Effects on Human Biological Tissues UNCLASSIFIED / / F@feOFEEGHH=USEr One
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UNCLASSIFIED / / #@fe@PP3¢&r=USE-ONE=— Defense Intelligence Reference Document Pe Acquisition Threat Support 11 March 2010 ICOD: 1 December 2009 Anomalous Acute and Subacute Field Effects on Human Biological Tissues UNCLASSIFIED / / F@feOFEEGHH=USEr One
UNCLASSIFIED / /EQ2:. GEEIGhHaSE-Giii Anomalous Acute and Subacute Field Effects on Human Biological Tissues Prepared by: (b)(3):10 USC 424 Defense Intelligence Agency Author: (b)(6) Administrative Note COPYRIGHT WARNING: Further dissemination of the photographs in this publication is not authorized. This product is one in a series of advanced technology reports produced in FY 2009 under the Defense Intelligence Agency,|(b)(3):10 USC 424 dvanced Aerospace Weapon System Applications (AAWSA) Program. Comments or questions pertaining to this document should be addressed to [(b)(3):10 USC 424:(b)(6 , AAWSA Program Manager, Defense Intelligence Agency, ATTN [OYeTOoSe #2 ag 6000, Washington, DC 20340-5100. UNCLASSIFIED / /FO@R-@EPEGHEUGEORLM
UNCLASSIFIED / /POR°OFFEGiritHU55-OalaLee Contents Preface and SUMIMAPY ousecseceeesneeseennece eee seneeneneuarecanasenanenanenaneusuenaneseuanensnas seaeanenerenane Preface... au reoursrasusssseresarsces sess vevevasces renevecunseurvencosusesecerecesene sees cevecerecersoursvessee v SUIMMIMALY «00 sees ce cece er eeneenneeeneenenenenenenenenanesanen aneneae Aenanauanecensnasanenenenen ana nena nenaucuenenenana Vv Chapter One: Definition of Topic and Domain of this Study .......:0..cscsceccesereeseeesseree 1 A. What is addressed in this review .....ccccsecesescsesneeeeseeneeeeenenene suvaenesesenssenneneeenes 1 B. What is not addressed in this review vcssccccncresenenenensnenenenseasenenan snanesenasenenenenee L Chapter Two: Background: What is Thought to Cause Harm ?......ccese weeeeeneee 2 A. Setting the Stage: What others have sald openly about injury caused by EMR Field Effects ......... aoe pesepurisevereranecnsuseouses a veveveseveveseresusece vavecustcerocusaresevasesnvescsnseves & B. Newly Unclassified Material ...... pe sueaevaurecesnensogusnanagaenssouusesssausansucasaannssonseseeaeses 3 C. Field effects and hearing / communications............scsccssceresuses ave ceveresersveseveses 5 D. Relationships of Physics and Biophysics to [njuries........cccscsccsesssecsssenersreneeens 7 Chapter Three: How Damage OCCUIS ........cccsesesesesconsessensecesecursrevesacesusaverereeresersres 8 A. The effects that DUP... scccseeccecesssseeseesesenseseeecnsnsnanaesensesseeaeaseararseneneretscnsnanens 9 B. The enigma of “non-thermal” wheals and localized “burn” .....-.scsescscsesee ewe L1 C. Some thoughts on neurological Correlates .........sssceceseseescneneeseensennenseenanaaenees 12 Chapter Four: Applicable Subacute Injury Effects ....:scssccsssesens nanenaccuaceuanonsnenseasenee 13 Chapter Five: Cognitive and Neural Injury Mechanisms and Effects .......ccccseccseses 16 References & Working Data BaSeéS ......ccccsssenenesssenanens ve naneesnanensueuenenene te aeeavenananevenas 19 Appendix A: Schuessler Catalog of UFO-Related Human Physiological Effects (Frequency Distribution) ....cccccscscseseccsssceneesesenene wenerenesenenen axenene panuncevevscsurcseseaeauseses 2S Appendix B: Green/Morris Example to Show the Global Breadth of Available Older ICD Case Inputs From Multiple Data Sources (red =pending ICD classification) .. 25 Appendix Cw... ss0cnss penuseeueusescaereouncccacersses Figures UNCLASSIFIED / (PO? OFFEGIAiUSEAODLLY,
UNCLASSIFIED / /F@R-OFFECHH-USE-ONEY Figure 1. Variation of Normalised Specific Absorption Rate with Frequency and Related Absorption Characteristics in Living Organisms..... a Figure 2. Electromagnetic Spectrum . Tables (U) Table 1: Limits for Maximum Permissible Exposure...... purwenne, euvecrveers atvenees tesewere 15 Error! Bookmark not defined. UNCLASSIFIED / / P@ReOPPECEXEUSEONtT™
UNCLASSIFIED / /F@F-@FFEGHHSUSE-ONE@ Anomalous Acute and Subacute Field Effects on Human Biological Tissues Preface and Summary PREFACE Several years ago three previous fit and active individuals experienced an anomalous [“irregular, incongruous and inconsistent with their domain”] aerospace-related event. Within 72 hours they suffered medical signs and symptoms [acute and subacute effects]. » These included almost immediate erythema (heat and redness) over exposed [to the presumed source of an electromagnetic radiation] skin, and varying degrees of the following as a function of their body-surface exposure times: fever, pain, headaches, numbness and parasthesiae, malaise, diarrhea, loss of hair and alopecia, skin eruptions/ boils, cardiac palpitations, beginnings of what were to become chronic headaches and symptoms of insomnia and other sleep and dream disturbances, moderate to occasional severe anxiety and insomnia. Two of the persons also experienced photophobia (extreme sensitivity to light), dry and scratchy- stinging eyes, and extreme inflamed blood-shot sclerae (whites of the eyes) with soft tissue swelling of the eyelids. One of the three experienced moderate blood dyscrasia and signs of radiation illness, and over several years developed signs of malignant transformations. Extensive, but controversial investigations revealed the three had been subjected to an accidental exposure in the near-field [meters] to a broad-band ultrahigh radiofrequency mixed radiation of RF (radio frequency), NIEMR (non-ionizing electromagnetic radiation) & microwave energies [including non-specific and un-measured induced ionizing effects, probably mixed UVA, UVB and UVC (Ultra Violet A, B, C)] centered at about 785 MHz. » These three persons were antennae engineers subjected to an anomalous “accident” [1] An extensive review of the medical literature and a compilation of a database has revealed an additional relevant but less dramatic 42 cases from the peer- reviewed medical literature, and an additional un-published similar 300 cases, primarily when fields were measured or emitters were known of mixed exposures of from 1 -10 GHz at power densities of above 100 mW/cm2. SUMMARY This paper relates, summarizes, and analyzes evidence of unintended injury to human observers by anomalous advanced aerospace systems. Additionally, an argument is made that the subsequent work can inform (e.g., reverse engineer), through clinical diagnoses, certain physical characteristics of possible future advanced aerospace systems from unknown provenance that may be a threat to United States interests. UNCLASSIFIED / /02-OERGhAirEGE-Obheie
UNCLASSIFIED / /FOR-OFRIGH=USE-ONEE The evidence discussed includes scientific material that has been peer- reviewed, contained in recently declassified government documents, and early emergent clinical medical analyses also underway in companion research studies. vi Based on historical cases, humans have been found to have been injured from exposures to anomalous vehicles, especially airborne, and when in relatively close proximity. The primary mechanisms of injury are related to electromagnetic radiation field effects (EMR field effects). The biophysical characteristics of the injuries are well understood. The energy related propulsion systems are not well understood. The potential deployment of systems is thus important to understand. Sufficient incidents/accidents have been accurately reported, and medical data acquired, as to support a hypothesis that some advanced systems are already deployed, and opaque to full US understanding. Amongst the most important pathophysiological effects are: - Heating and burn injuries o Tonizing and non-ionizing » Thermally induced - Neurological effects o Cognitive / central nervous system o Neuromuscular / central & autonomic nervous systems o Sensory / peripheral nervous system o Neuropsychiatric / neuroendocrine - Auditory / cranial nerves VII & VIII o Communication & disabling effects o Noise and central neurocognitive Analysis of clinical diagnostic codes together with environmental conditions observed during anomalous events are clustered in meaningful ways. UNCLASSIFIED / /#@2=O5—5GErESEr Okie
UNCLASSIFIED / /#OfOP®2GEE USE OnE +» The medical analyses while not requiring the invention of an alternative biophysics, do indicate the use of (to us) unconventional and advanced energy systems. vii UNCLASSIFIED / /#@:-@FF56hi=-US=-OnEE
UNCLASSIFIED / /POR-@FRIGEA-VGE-ONine=
Chapter One: Definition of Topic and Domain of this Study
The objective of the overall program for which this paper has been prepared is to
understand the physics and the engineering of advanced aerospace weapons system
applications ...into the future, e.g., from now through the year 2050. This study
addresses the clinical medical signs and symptoms and biophysics of injury known and
expected from unintended exposure to anomalous systems.
A. WHAT IS ADDRESSED IN THIS REVIEW
Advanced aerospace technologies, as with current technologies, often involve exposure
of humans to exceptionally strong, and in the future to likely exotic, fields. This review
is meant to cover the clinical medical injurious effects, including harmful psychiatric /
psychological effects on the human organism that may be induced. Specifically, we are
interested both in the more narrow scope of certain near-field heating and burn effects
on “biological tissues” [usually human] and also systemic or internal medical /
neurological / psychiatric injury or sequelae, usually modulated by neural tissue.
“Near Field” is a term we intentionally leave as subjective. That is, we include effects of
possible exposures that are within sight of the injured, and which are acute [within
hours] or subacute [within days], but not longer chronic effects. Our working distance
from the putative emitter is ‘10s of meters, and injury times are less than 10 minutes.
We thus focus on the acute and subacute high-level, not chronic low-level exposures
and effects. The most important bandwidth of interest is the range with tissue effects
on humans: from about 360 kHz to 300 GHz; that is, from about 1 km to 1 mm wave
lengths.
In particular, we note that many of the effects on tissues {as currently with all
environmental exposures of Non-Ionizing Electromagnetic Radiation (NIEMR), toxic
effluents, and noise / thermal effects} are initially incorrectly adduced to be
“subclinical” until chronic effects of low-level effects and/or accumulative doses are
recognized. We will be particularly cognizant to not miss this subtlety in determining
harm to persons in the near-field of possible advanced aerospace systems. We will not
(except by reference) discuss ionizing radiation tissue effects, unless they are adduced
to be “Mixed Field”, e.g. the Cash-Landrum case, vide infra).
Therefore, since the potential deployment of advanced weapons technology is
subsumed under this topic, of interest are not only side effects associated with possible
lift/propulsion field mechanisms of advanced craft architectures, but also effects from
advanced weapons systems as well. These include but are not limited to beam
weapons, and active denial systems (ADS), including high powered microwaves (HPM).
B. WHAT IS NOT ADDRESSED IN THIS REVIEW
We are aware of claims that some new and emergent systems may be intended to
cause harm, and thus even be an intended weapon system. We make no attempt
herein to validate any claims. There is ample precedent in US history for utilizing a
separate analytic framework for Verification and Compliance issues, as in the lag in our
recognizing Former Soviet Union and Chinese systems utilizing infrasonic, laser-
blinding, and NIEMR weapons that went unappreciated by our intelligence agencies for
two decades. Historically, the IC (Intelligence Community) adduces verification first,
1
UNCLASSIFIED / /6@2:@5EIGEA-USE-ONE ==UNCLASSIFIED / +-@R-OFFEGEEUSE-OnEY
claims of injury secondly, and compliance after lengthy state-sponsored discursive. We
will not make that mistake. Beyond this, from a sociological perspective, expansion of
this theme may also include the effects on humans en masse, namely inducement of
hysteria, alteration or solidification of belief systems, alteration/destruction of social
structures, group dynarnics, etc., the analyses of which would require expertise in a
great number of fields including sociology, anthropology, psychology, etc.
This review will not critically evaluate epidemiological infectious disease or low-level
electromagnetic radiation / RF aspects of certain exposures, except in passing.’ We will
not address psychophysics, paranormal, explicit pre-existing or chronic psychiatric, or
abnormal psychological effects from exposures. {However, in the early draft of ICD-
Code project in Appendix C, psychiatric diagnostic codes when made by a qualified
physician, and medical sequelae from perceived abductions are included for
completeness. }
Chapter Two: Background: What is Thought to Cause
Harm?
It is well-understood that long-term exposure to even chronic “low-strength” as well as
acute “high-strength” electromagnetic fields, ionizing radiation, intense lasers, etc., can
have harmful effects on human physiology. {Terms defined vide infra} It is also known
that EMR mechanisms can disrupt physiological and psychological functioning on a
temporary basis. Emerging data support that some of the chronic low-level effects alter
the ability of cells to function properly due to epigenetic effects {damage to the DNA /
RNA protein regulatory pathways, independent of chromosome disruption}, and
simultaneously alter the metabolism of dividing cells of (especially) the neuroimmune
system [5,6]. The same holds true for exposure to toxic chemical, biological, or nuclear
materials.
A. SETTING THE STAGE: WHAT OTHERS HAVE SAID OPENLY ABOUT
INJURY CAUSED BY EMR FIELD EFFECTS
There is relatively comprehensive literature on reported deleterious effects from
exposure at close ranges to perceived anomalous aircraft of apparent advanced design
[2,3,4,7]. Some of the claimed physiological effects include such phenomena as
paralysis, electrical shocks, feeling of heat, burns, perception of odors, etc.
Whether such effects are the result of unintended or intended harm to humans is yet to
be determined, though evidence for the latter can be inferred in certain cases [8,9]. We
will draw on that literature for selected cases, where exposure and emitter data are
known or can be inferred, or where injury an be logically related to biophysical
parameters.
That is, it is of particular interest in a threat analysis program, regardless of whether
anomalous-craft-induced physiological effects of humans are intended or not, to
ascertain probable mechanisms, field strengths, etc., involved in the generation of the
1 As an example, the enormous literature on the low-level and chronic exposure effects of ionizing, non-ionizing-
UVA, UVB and UVC radiation will not be reviewed here. That literature is summarized well in
http://www.cancer.org/docroot/ped/content/ped_1_3x_radiation_exposure
2
UNCLASSIFIED / /G@2Re@EELGi iG OhUNCLASSIFIED / / F@R-@FRIGHE=VSE-ONEY
reported physiological effects. It is our contention that characteristics of the fields or
mechanisms associated with close encounters with anomalous craft can even
sometimes carefully be gleaned from archival records where effects on human
physiology have been carefully reported.
This is true because the medical literature of such field effects {although not many
related to craft} has been mature for decades, and is rich in peer-reviewed medical
reports and papers. There are several professional societies within the Department of
Health & Human Services (DHHS), National Science Foundation-National Institutes of
Health) (NSF-NIH) domains, including the Centers of Disease Control Epidemiology
Intelligence Service (EIS) that follow these effects, and numerous examples will be
discussed,
B. NEWLY UNCLASSIFIED MATERIAL
A couple of years ago a citizen, who believed he was being targeted by the United
States Government with harassing field effect weapons {edits and highlights below, are
the author’s}...
“..XXXX walked into an FBI field office with a two-page letter signed by him and
addressed to Special Agent YYYY of the United States Secret Service.
{His} letter stated, in part:
‘Agents of the U.S. Secret Service, as you already know, have been committing very
serious crimes against me and other members of my family for a very long time, and
I’m taking more direct action to prevent it fram continuing. I arn going to get an
admissible confession from at least one of your agents one way or the other, and if I
don’t get what I am demanding from you today, I will use the method of torture
described in the attached pages to obtain that confession and to punish the agent for
his or her involvement in the illegal acts that your agents have been perpetrating
against me and my family.’
After he was arrested, the court found the evidence for the alleged electromagnetic
assaults unconvincing.
The district court then held a competency hearing at which [he] testified, inter alia, that
the back of a pair of his shoes were vaporized by an electromagnetic weapon fired at
his feet in 2001. [He] presented the shoes in question to the district court, but it
appeared to the court that the heel of the shoe had simply worn out due to ordinary
use. :
Inevitably, XXXX’s mental status was questioned.
After receiving this report, XXXX requested that he be examined by a medical
professional of his own choosing. The psychologist chosen by XXXX concurred with the
government's psychiatrist that XXXX "is clearly psychotic and... precisely fits the
diagnosis of paranoid schizophrenia" [5-a,b].
The story didn’t end, then. It turned out that XXXX may have been crazy, and the
Government wasn’t harassing him, but his document was valid: it was a newly
UNCLASSIFIED / /P@R-OPPECEXE USE ONET”UNCLASSIFIED / £5O-O>EFE@HSUSEONTT™
unclassified US Government document that described precisely and accurately the
nature of the Field Effects XXXX claimed existed [5].
It was a recent (1998), classified (until 2006) and controlled document: SECRET /
NOFORN; Not to be disseminated to US Allies, NATO, or physically even be taken
outside the United States except to secure US Embassy Military Attaché Facilities. It
was from a unit in the Intelligence and Security Command {INSCOM}, the US Army
Analytical Element responsible for coordinated National Intelligence Community
Assessments of military threat potentials...based on current known worldwide (including
US for benchmarking) research.
It remains a bit murky as to how Mr. XXXX was able to “FOIA” (“use” the Freedom of
Information Act) and obtain the document. Other “legitimate” researchers had
consistently not been able to obtain it.
The above vignette is offered, to make several points...both administrative and
subjective, and scientific... and objective:
e Classified information exists that is highly pertinent to the subject of this study, and
only a small part of the classified literature has been released.
e Yet, while directionally indicative of interest and intention to understand, the
material does not rise to the quality of the initiative of the program in which this
paper serves as one analytical example. !
e There is no evidence that the systems described in the document have been fielded.
e The development of generators and aiming devices is not a rate-limiting issue. ‘!
e There is no doubt that they would work.
e The concerns, therefore, that individuals exposed to field effects as described in the
document, and in this paper would suffer the claimed injuries...are legitimate.
Amongst the systems described are those of special interest in this effort: claimed
injury from near-field exposures to aerospace anomalous vehicles and systems. As will
be described, the pattern and circumstances of injury very often belie nay-sayer
attempts to discredit witnesses, analysts, and those who suffer directly or indirectly
fram the systems. Even those who are, from time to time, delusional...are not
necessarily poor reporters of information outside their particular and personal delusion.
Examples of systems the INSCOM analysis described as real and potential include
precisely those asserted by good observers {and victims of injury} consistent with
near-field RF / EM / NIEMR / Thermal / [nfrasonic / and Coherent light-Laser effects:
il This author once ran the INSCOM effort from which this FOJA’d document [5] derived, as the Assistant National
Intelligence Officer for Science and Technology, and has recently chaired a DIA-sponsored 18-month Update Study
at the National Academy of Sciences’ NRC, [including classified research] published as “The military application of
neuroscience research” [5-c] that encompasses virtually every aspect of the 2006 declassified INSCOM study.
ifi An electric field strength of roughly 100 kV/m over a time period of 1 nanosecond is approximately the condition
thought to be necessary to produce the desired effect when provided ta an overall repetition rate of 15 Hz. Such a
field may be developed using a radar- like, high-peak-power pulsed source or an electromagnetic pulse generator
operated at 15Hz. These technologies exist today. Aiming devices are currently available. The effective range
could be meters, or even hundreds of meters [5].
4
UNCLASSIFIED / /bO2eOERSGEH=USE-OnTT”UNCLASSIFIED / / POF OPEICHr-USE-ONEE
Microwave communication / hearing / localized heating
CQz Laser communication / hearing / localized heating
Ability to instill fear secondary to above, including with use of messaging and RF
carrier-wave modulated intra-cranial “voices” through thermoelastic expansion of
intracranial spaces at 5 kHz (vide infra)
Ability to direct thermal effects to include directed pain, erythema, and second-
degree burns
Ability to cause frontal-temporal headache with mm waves
Pulses of RF (e.g. 2450 MHz / 12.4-1.24 Mev UHF 1.0 dm - 1.0 m pressure waves)
to disorient and destabilize muscular coordination: at this frequency 40 J/cm and of
microsecond duration pulses will cause thermoelastic expansion in brain (as well as
the cochlear microphonics for hearing sensation at 0.5-32 micron pulse widths per-
pulse thresholds are near 20 J/cm)
Use of mm waves to instigate cortical surface effects and seizures through delta-
wave, EPSP & IPSP (excitatory and inhibitory post-synaptic potentials neocortical
neuronal synchronization with high voltage 100 kV/m nanosecond pulsed 15 Hz
{ELF}:through stimulation of the hippocampus CA3 pyramidal cells and cells of the
pyriform cortex, sustained over 1 - 5 minutes for ictal development for petit mal or
grand mal seizures
Loss of consciousness, muscle spasms, muscle weakness
Parasthesiae with UHF - SHF, lasting for minutes
Increase of core body temperature to above 41°C (105.8 °F) with VHF (e.g. 225
MHz) within 15 - 30 minutes {1-2 km waves at dose rates about 10 W/kg; 5 W/kg
will increase a humans core body temperature within one to two hours
Use of pulsed-microwaves to temporarily interfere with short-term spatial memory
Nausea and vomiting, and disorientation can be easily induced with audible
frequencies at 145 dB at selected frequencies of 100-500 Hz, within seconds up to a
few minutes: combinations of infrasonic and sonic tones can be selected for specific
effects on the vestibular apparatus to induce highly specific gastro intestinal and
neural effects.
v (see footnote)
Cc. FIELD EFFECTS AND HEARING/COMMUNICATIONS
‘v The INSCOM document also discusses another area of interest, but one beyond the scope of this
review. That is, the effects of laser-radiation including inducement of photophobic and also acoustical-
mechanical as well as thermal effects. As our area of focus does not include either actual accidental or
anecdotal cases In this domain, we will not review laser-induced field effects.
UNCLASSIFIED / /#@fe@FPteiri-dsr OneUNCLASSIFIED / /POR-@FFEGHieUSE-OALY
The Airborne Instruments Laboratory {AIL}¥ in 1956, reported for the first time
anecdotal evidence that persons could “hear” RF frequencies [10]. The data were
however, deemed important enough to be placed in a corporate advertisement and
warning.
Yet, the first systematic review of evidence and experiment of what is now known to be
human capability to “hear” modulations in ears or the temporal lobes, as well as in the
apparatus of the inner ear (the “cochlear microphonic”) was not published until 1961,
followed by a series of eight peer-reviewed papers over the following decade.”
The most comprehensive review that describes the biophysics and the methodology to
modulate RF to incorporate purposive communications, and which also describes in
detail injury patterns was published in 2003, by the Motorola Research Laboratories,
and is still the seminal meta-analysis {of about 100 review articles} on these subjects
[11].
For our purposes, it is sufficient at this point to summarize this and additional literature
[esp. 11-15] in contexts narrowly related to claimants’ description of effects when
placed near (10-100 meters) of a presumed emitting large object, which may or may
not have the appearance of containing an obvious RF antenna:
e The mechanism of transduction of the RF may be to or through skin, bone, or the
external auditory meatus.
»* Frequency and pulse width dependency may account for perceptions as coming from
the ear, the temporal lobe on the same or contralateral side to the object.
e The frequencies are amazingly broad: contained with the bandwidth of 2.4 - 10,000
MHz {MF, HF, VHF, UHF, SHF, EHF; wavelengths 1km - 1cm; incident energy
densities of 10-20 mJ/kg threshold; 40 uJ/pulse, energy absorption per pulse 16
tl/g}.
e Thus, the character of the perceived sounds can be used to accurately “back-
calculate” the emitter characteristics: many thousands of human experiments over
the above ranges have been consistent and repeatable.
e Simple shielding, including tin-foil hats (sic!) will attenuate and often block totally
the sounds and communications.
Voice frequencies of 5 kHz-20 kHz can be RF modulated, and transmitted covertly, with
intelligible effect. However, it is absolutely required that to hear the sounds, a human
must have a capability to hear a frequency acoustic wave in the kHz range above 5kHz
through 20 kHz.
Vv AIL was formed in 1945, in Mineola NY by then Defense Department contractors affiliated with MIT. It became the
forerunner of virtually every subsequent application Radar and EM laboratory, especially for the Department of the
Navy. It is known in folklore, as having been the site of the development of the technology for the controversial
“Philadelphia Experiment.” http://www.stealthskater.com/Documents/AIL_01.doc
i There are at the present time, over 240,000 peer-reviewed scientific papers on the phenomena of RF hearing and
covert communication, with and without engagement of the inner ear, in the medical literature. Yet, to this day,
persons who during experiencing of anomalous RF hearing and skin heating when confronted by unknown objects
in the near-field are nonetheless ubiquitously {at first, at least} said to be paranoid, or paraphrenic, or paranoid
schizophrenic.
6
UNCLASSIFIED / s2O2aOERSGHSUSEONTT™UNCLASSIFIED / /POR-OPFICEH=US6E-ORe = That said, it is not necessary that the cochlear microphonic versus ephaptic (electrical current transmissions through the intercellular spaces) modulation of the axons of the VilIth and VIIIth cranial nerves be stimulated directly: the hearing pathways and relay middle geniculate bodies and inferior colliculi may be stimulated by the RF, first. That is: while it is possible for energy transmission or transduction to “bypass” the tympanic membrane, organs of Corti, and cochleae...the hearing apparatus is necessary for at least penultimate stimulation to hear sounds in the voice range: thoughts and meaning can not be otherwise transmitted [12]. But, at the same time, thermoelastic expansion and contraction of fluid spaces in the brain can result in the perception of clicks, buzzing sounds, and humming. Notably, the above discussion is of non-hazardous “effects.” Harm and injury, including severe headache seizures or convulsions, motor ataxia and contractures, unconsciousness, and destabilizing psychiatric acute, subacute, and chronic outcomes can be induced. The use of very high intensity RF pulses at, for example, 915 MHz will cause an elevation in brain temperature of 8 °C, resulting in petit mal or grand mal seizures after one minute exposure, followed by 5 minutes of unconsciousness. Recovery occurs when brain temperature returns to within 1°C of normal (37 °C). The threshold for this stun effect is 680 J, regardless of peak power, pulse width, and equates to about 28 k) in terms of expressed peak absorption. This adverse effect is about 1,000 times higher than the auditory threshold, which in humans is near 16mJ/kg as reported above. No adverse effects, in any event have been found at SARs (Specific Absorbed Rate is a measure of the rate at which energy is absorbed by the body when exposed to radio-frequency electromagnetic field. It is defined as the power absorbed per mass of tissue and has units of watts per kilogram) in the head of 0.2 W/kg (950 MHz) up to 1.0 W/kg (936 & 90 MHz) [13,14]. In summary, the evidence is solid that the military and aerospace industries’ own classified, proprietary and unclassified literature, as well as the certain evidence of many aerospace RF-related microwave, antenna-related, high power (HP) microwave, infrasonic / sonic, and thermal (from any source) energy deposition accidents [vide infra] is congruent with the anomalous vehicle reports. This means that one can not discount the claimed and often observed injuries as being real-world (although current and likely advanced beyond public information) technologies, and which are causes of these effects and injuries. D. RELATIONSHIPS OF PHYSICS AND BIOPHYSICS TO INJURIES To give but one hypothesis with regard to exotic mechanisms, there is the possibility that those are effects predicted by General Relativity Theory that would correlate with some of the reported data in which the blackbody heat spectrum of an object (an anomalous craft) would be blue-shifted (increased in frequency) under conditions of spacetime manipulation for lift and propulsion. Were a human exposed to blue-shifting at relatively close range, symptoms associated with broadband radiation - microwave, visible, UV, soft X-rays - could be expected. [Adapted from Technical Study 10.0 Human Effects] Medical data supports this option. That is, “mixed NIEMR” causes microwave tissue heating, and also disruption of clones of white blood cells to cause cessation of cell division. (Green & Schuessler, unpublished findings of a pair of well-documented human 7 UNCLASSIFIED / APORoOPPECEHEUSE ONE
UNCLASSIFIED / POReOPPICiH=ESE-OnE= cases...Cash-Landrum 1987). These cases and all other clinical data in this report are HIPAA — protected.¥! One of the outcomes from exposure to, say, ionizing radiation due to any of the above phenomena is damage to cellular DNA [16]. This hazard is one of the daunting challenges to be met and overcome even when it comes to consideration of such human-oriented activities as spaceflight for extended periods of time [17]. Fortunately, the understanding of DNA structure and mechanisms has progressed to the point that techniques for characterizing DNA are being routinely applied in such civilian applications as crime scene investigations and paternity testing [18]. Chapter Three: How Damage Occurs The term radiofrequency when applied to the electromagnetic spectrum covers the frequency range 100 kHz-300 GHz; the term microwave is applied to the frequency range 300 MHz-300 GHz. The range 300 MHz-3 GHz (wavelengths 1 m-10 cm) is termed ultrahigh frequency and includes cellular telephones, television broadcasting, and microwave ovens (2-45 GHz). The range 3 GHz-30 GHz (wavelengths 10 cm-I cm) is termed super high frequency and includes radar, satellite, and other microwave communication systems. The effects on humans of ultrahigh frequency and superhigh frequency are primarily those of heating. The rate at which the energy of radiofrequency radiation is absorbed in body tissues is described as the specific absorption rate (SAR) expressed in watts per kilogram (W/kg) and depends on the frequency (Hz) and the power density expressed in watts per square meter (W/m?), which can be described as the power crossing unit area normal to the direction of wave propagation. An area that is unique, and murky, is that of 60 Hz electric field induced by High Power (HP) generators presenting whole-body irradiation of 1,000 V/m and 5,000 V/m. Healing and rapidly dividing tissues were seen to have growth retarded, and anaplasia and disorganization in connective tissue fibroblasts and otherwise normal cells in the higher, but not the lower fields [19]. The study, part of a large effort by the DOE has been largely ignored: the data for the lower field effects that have created a large bone and tissue — healing industry. The deposition of radiofrequency energy in body tissues varies with absorption characteristics, which depend to a considerable extent on water content. Tissues such as blood, skin, muscle, brain, and peripheral nerves will absorb much more energy than fat and bone. The result is that much of the incident radiofrequency energy tends to pass through the surface fatty tissue where it is deposited in the deeper tissues such as muscle and brain. The figure below shows that based on the absorption characteristics of the human body radiofrequency can be subdivided into four regions. The frequency involved in the exposure of the antenna engineers introduced in the preface of this paper (785 MHz) is vii HIPAA = Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, passed in 1996 provides absolute privacy protection for written, electronic, and verbal medical information obtained by health professionals and systems. Additional examples of HIPAA and several hundred cases now being coded for clinical medical diagnoses in a parallel study by the author is underway and described in Appendix C. 8 UNCLASSIFIED / / b@.RnGEELGEALUSEOa
UNCLASSIFIED / /POR°OPPFICTR USE Ont
the “hotspot” range which lies between 400 MHz and 2 GHz. The heating is highly
nonuniform with typical ratios between spatial peaks and whole body average specific
absorption rates of the order of 150:1 to 200:1.’ {above and Figure One adapted from
[1]}
Figure On
o Subresonance H Resonance range ! Hot spot ' Surface
& range H Whole iPartial! range : beast
| body | H
s i ‘thead): '
a P|
5% H '
ge fi t H
oS H i
2s H .
ge ;
Er i i
32
2 i '
3 : :
E ' H
3 ' pod
‘ : Hl
LL. . i 1 1 H J
30 rT 2000 f(MHz)
Variation of normalised specific absorption rate with frequency and related absorprion
characteristics in ving organisms: reproduced with the permission of WHO from:
Biecromagese fields (300 Hz to 300 Gh2)1993:76. (Environmental Health
Criteria 137,
A. THE EFFECTS THAT BURN
From the perspective of aerospace applications, the millimeter wave length of emitters
has been of greatest interest for human effects, and there have been extensive reviews
documenting effects at both low and high levels of incident energy [20,21]. For our
purposes, the most basic biophysical information that pertains is clear: with dry
clothing, 90-95 % of the energy is efficiently absorbed with or without an air gap acting
as an impedance transformer. These millimeter waves (30-300 GHz) penetrate the skin
to a depth of several millimeters. The ANSI (American National Standards Institute)
safety guideline of S mW/cm? for RF /NIEMR equates to a SAR of 65-357 W/kg.
The depth of penetration involves the area of cutaneous receptors, and at and above
these levels will be perceived first, as prickling sensation, then pain and finally
erythema and even second degree burns if exposures last on the order of minutes:
burning can occur in a non-linear dose-effect range above these SAR levels, as
described elsewhere in this paper.
The threshold of heat perception is near 0.7 mW/cm2, with power densities of about 9.0
mW/cm? causing sensations of pain within one second of exposure. It is notable, that
the non-liner effects apply; e.g. for 3 GHz {decimeter, not millimeter wave lengths},
the thresholds are on the order of 30 times less. Indeed, especially in the Former Soviet
Union, there is substantial literature on these wavelengths at SARs below 10s of W/kg
(as with Diathermy Machines in the US in the ‘50s) being exploited for a wide range of
external and internal (gastrointestinal) therapies.
Of interest here, in the context of incident RF that can produce heating injury, are a
series of very early experiments done at Brooks Air Force Base and the Oak Ridge
National Laboratories during the Cold War era intended to study potential weapons and
9
UNCLASSIFIED / /®@@EEIGEAL-UGEOainGmUNCLASSIFIED / / F@R-OFF2Gh=-UGE-ONLY
space application human effects [22,23]. In these experiments low energy proton
effects on tissue were observed.“'! In these experiments, incident energies were
selected for skin surfaces that were very similar to the example of the RF / NIEMR 30 -
300 GHz millimeter wave experiments just described: 1-30 Mev.
The ranges of skin penetration were the same: 0.5 - about 5.0 mm. At the highest
doses selected (up to 2000 rads) no clinical effects were noted at or below equivalent
Mev — levels found at millimeter waves, SARs of 10 mW/cm2.
There have been several studies {encompassing about 100 reported cases during acute
accidental exposures in military aerospace and communications situations} that have
collected data on human exposures to RF of mixed and broad bandwidths [1,23].
Comparison of this medical literature presents striking overlaps to the claimed clinical
injury patterns of several hundred near-field cases of anomalous and hostile events
being currently analyzed for a companion study to this, as described in Appendices A,
B, &C.
The emergent findings are that in nearly all cases in which exposures are of the order of
minutes or longer, including visible indications at distances of 10 meters, similar acute
effects are observed. In order of their positive and negative clinical presentation the
signs and symptoms [23,24,25,26] include:
e Warming/prickly sensation over exposed glabrous skin
»* Sensation of burning, no itching or small myelenation injury
* Erythema, which progresses top 2"4-degree burns in 72 hours
* Headache, temporal: effect lasting three weeks
e Dizziness/vertigo, often with nausea/ vomiting at 24-72 hours
e Cardiac palpitations at 48-72 hours
e Neurasthenia and peripheral neuropathy absent fasciculation
e Absent evidence of neuromuscular small fiber disease
e Absent evidence of alpha-motor neuron involvement
e Malaise and low-grade fever, emotional liability
« Severe anxiety with high exposure over 10 or greater minutes"
e Corneal abrasion due to deoxygenating, “gritty eye syndrome”
* Scleral inflammation and iriditiis, photophobia
viii Spaceflight and possible weapons applications were of great concern, and sources Indicate, that there was
concern of reported UFO/Anomalous effects at the time [24]).
* “Severe Anxiety” as assessed clinically to require medication and hospitalization Is a marker for broadband
RF/NIEMR [but not lonizing] radiation exposure greater than about 500 mW/cm?, or 5x10? W/m?. Thus, a
neurological examination that can separate psychiatric from neuropathic and small nerve fiber damage can serve to
demarcate exposure in SAR, and can help distinguish whole body, head, and/or hot-spot surface absorption.
10
UNCLASSIFIED / /®@R-G5656iir GEOUNCLASSIFIED / /F@R-GFFIGHr-USE-ONnE « Beau’s lines on fingernails « Absent serum enzymes and CBC findings e 30-60 day subacute persistent sleep disorder, dysphagia e Parasthesiae (can last up to 3 years, and thus become chronic) It is particularly important to note that one can do a semi-quantitative dose-response determination of apparent anomalous events, by comparing the clinical reports, with what we know from the literature...at least as a first approximation of what one may adduce the power system effects at near field may have been. For example, from the peer-reviewed medical literature one can find cases inclusive of about a dozen patients and subjects exposed to one to ten minutes RF [HF through EHF] (of the ‘100s mentioned above): e« <10 mW/cm? @ UHF-SHF = no effects [27] e >50<100 mW/cm?2 @ UHF-SHF = as above [28] e =<50 mW/cm? (2.45 GHz) UHF-SHF (presumed) radial neuropathy and dyasthesia: 20 months duration, intermittent electromyography changes, multiple sensory neuropathy [25,29] e >250 W/m? @ HF (20-30 MHz) impaired 2-pt discrimination * e <1 mW/cm?2 (presumed) @ UHF (2140 MHz) double-blind / cross-over study in adolescents and adults: no neurological or cognitive signs and symptoms [30, and Figure Two vide infra] B. THE ENIGMA OF “NON-THERMAL” WHEALS AND LOCALIZED “BURNS” An observation made often, in the literature of aerospace related reports of anomalous object after-effects, clinically valid, but not linked to any observed heating effect, is the appearance of what appear to be 1-3 cm localized circumscribed erythematous, occasionally gangrenous, and sub-dermal wheals, boils, and serosanguinous abrasions. These injuries appear concomitantly with what are otherwise felt to be burns from microwave or other RF injuries, except they are often found on clothed parts of the body, at a distance from the worst second degree burns. And, dermatologically, they can’t be diagnosed as thermal or RF-related injuries. A recent publication from the Bogoliubov Laboratory of Theoretical Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna and Tashkent Russia; Faculty of Physics, Tashkent; and the Institut fur Physik, Rostock, may offer some first notions of an underlying pathophysiological mechanism. The study is said to be theoretical, but based on experimental data, and appears to be unrelated to any emitter concerns, RF or otherwise, and is not linked to an aerospace application, although funded by a * Note: the wavelength of this exposure would have been on the order of 10-50 km; in the previous UHF-SHF injuries, they would have been 1 cm - 1 dm; given equal incident energy dermal penetration is inversely proportional to wavelength. A companion study is attempting to further quantify these relationships, to permit additional inferences as to putative energy sources of anomalous events. 11 UNCLASSIFIED / /5@2:SERIGE AGRO
UNCLASSIFIED / £50. 2.2EELGiidel SO hbeem prestigious organization known to be interested in field effects. The authors consider the case when the charge carriers are ions in a fluid flowing through a tube. The ions are free to move but obviously confined within a specific volume. The team then poses the question: what happens when you apply a static magnetic field modulated by Johnson Noise (a function of calcium currents in closed tubes, non-linearly dependent on temperature in the presence of ULF). The answer, they say, is a resonance effect in which the ionic currents grow stronger. The strength of the resonance depends on the size of the capillary and the strength of the field. The authors have worked out how this effect might play out in the human body, and cause stasis under certain conditions and small vessel damage, as a function of the concentration of calcium in the microcirculation. A recent peer-review (well beyond the capabilities of this author) has found the work promising [31]. C. SOME THOUGHTS ON NEUROLOGICAL CORRELATES From this brief summary it can be seen that not only are incident energies, wavelengths, and durations of exposures independent variables of gross injury, but they also are variables as to tissue type. This might be expected, because the injury to nerve and other cell types must be secondary to alteration of the molecular and biochemical structures. In the case of nerves/neurons in peripheral or central nervous system components, the action potentials and subsequent release of end-plate, ephaphtic, or synaptic neurotransmitters are known to be related to the currents induced across the membranes by direct EMF, or induced B-Fields. The electrophysiology should allow inferences to be made as to incident energies and bandwidths to the extent we can infer or discover the near-field RF qualitative and quantitative measures. What can not be overly emphasized, is that when one looks at the literature of anomalous cases, including cdaims from the most reliable sources, the extent and degree of injuries are consistent across patients who are injured, compared to witnesses in the far-field, who are not. For example, in the cases this reviewer has studied, the directionality and the times of the known RF / EM exposures and the injury severity and patterns are highly consistent: There are no significant differences in either the reported acute effects (symptoms) or the physician-observed (signs) between the case of three antenna engineers and the Cash-Landrum cases. This pathophysiological observation is a convincing one: “Something” is causing these near field injuries, the energy deposition and conditions follow our “real-world” neurological experience. It seems highly unlikely that imagination or delusion of laypersons could mimic the science of thermal injury patterns, electrophysiology, immunology, and neurology in a non-linear dose-response manner...and incorporate the biophysics of wavelength and eV effects (1 eV = 1.6 x 10°19 joules). x! “Near-Field” as a term in this and companion studies refers to the subjective distance, In part, between the injured patient and the presumptive energy source, be it an RF / EM antenna, source of microwaves, or unidentified object. We use the term also to imply relatively limited spatio-temporal exposures (within 10s of meters), times before acute (minutes to haurs to one day) or subacute (up to 72 hours) periods between exposure and signs and symptoms of actual injury. An object, or in this case a human body in the near field where electromagnetic waves are incident yet to be fully formed due to the perturbation. But to first and second orders, inferences and calculations of wavelength and energy depositions can sometimes be made with good reporting and data from the events. 12 UNCLASSIFIED / (POR CPPICTAL USE ONLT
UNCLASSIFIED / s6@R-OFRIGHr=USE-ONEY
Indeed, there is even a small amount of literature (less than a dozen good peer-
reviewed studies) that incorporates these ideas. McRee, Wachtel and associates have
studied ionic gradients in nerves, and compared thermal versus non-thermal injury
patterns. They have found the effects are independent of each other, and may be due
to involvement of the Sodium-Potassium = ATP-ase pump, that subtends the
functioning of all excitable tissues [27,32].
A very recent NATO meta-analysis has defined, on the other hand, low-thermal and
non-thermal broad band effects in humans that can be induced by “Non-lethal
Weapons” [33]. The development of an active denial system (ADS) in the mm-wave
region (94 GHz) at a distance of within 100 meters will cause localized heating and
discomfort.** These wavelengths can not penetrate beneath the superficial layers of the
skin. They do stimulate localized pain and stimulation of dermal receptors of the lateral
spino-thalamic tract...which will afford direct and specific clues in evaluating claims of
injury: the receptors for pain, tickle, itch, and prickling sensation are we believe unique
to depth and frequency. Pulsed microwave weapons based on HPM (High Power
Microwaves) represent another example of a directed energy system. Typical systems
operate at 1-3 GHz {UHF-SHF; dm wavelengths}, and can penetrate deep into the
human body, and do not generate heat. Several controversial {non-replicated and not
to be reviewed here} studies do claim, however, that these frequencies will cause
dissolution of the blood-brain-barrier (BBB) integrity, and hence can cause subacute
injury. Changes in the cytoskeleton proteins occur only after higher than realistic pulse
repetition rates for the US systems under development as weapons.»
Chapter Four: Applicable Subacute Injury Effects
There is additional rich and established literature that describes well the subacute level
effects of {particularly} radio frequency and microwave fields (MF) on human and
animal tissue. (Figure Two)
It should also be mentioned, that beginning in the late ‘80s [34,35,36] low-level RF,
clearly athermal in incident energy, of time varying magnetic fields called PEMF (pulsed
electromagnetic fields) of 1-15 HZ, 2-8 Gauss began to be researched clinically for
bone-union, pain management, depression alleviation, and dermal cell repair. These
ELF multi-kilometer wave-length RF are excluded here, as the literature has shown no
injury potential for this bandwidth. That said; numerous reports on both the anomalous
event as well as the clinical medical literature describe the occasional “effects”
experiencers or patients utilizing such therapy sometimes report.
These effects include occasional mild and localized warmth when touching an object of
unknown provenance, or under the electrode: a pleasant mild itch or tickle sensation
{non-specific stimulation of paccianian and nociceptive skin receptors served by
peripheral un-myelinated nerves} and pleasant cognitive effects and relaxation.
Although we can hardly categorize such near-field effects as injuries, we note and
catalogue them as non-specific neurological “effects.” There is no a priori reason to
*" Unfortunately, the NATO study does not contain information on the power density, or the other technical
parameters to accomplish the ADS effect.
xl We are, of course aware, that this series of studies is not to be limited to current technology, much less-only
“on-world” technology. A theoretical examination of these claims is thus underway, but Is not in-scope for this
review,
13
UNCLASSIFIED / / F@:@5E5GHi=U6EONEYUNCLASSIFIED / /PO@ROFPICERE USE ONET believe that only injury patterns in the near-field will lead to diagnostics of emanations from unknown emitters related to aerospace objects. Figure Two H . . CLASS FREQUENCY WAVELENGTH ENERGY ¥ 300 EHz | 1 pm 1.24 MeV HX 30EHz | 10pm 124 keV 3 EHz 100 pm 12.4 keV 300 PHz | 1 nm 1.24 keV 30PHz | 10nm 124 eV 3 PHz 100 nm 12.4 eV 300 THz | 1 pm 1.24 eV 30 THz 10 um 124 meV 3 THz 100 pum 12.4 meV 300 GHz] 1mm 1.24 meV 30 GHz | 1cm 124 peV 3 GHz 1dm 12.4 peV 300 MHz] 1m 1.24 peV 30 MHz | 10m 124 neV 3 MHz 100m 12.4 neV 300 kHz | 1 km 1.24 neV 30 kHz 10 km 124 peV 3 kHz 100 km 12.4 peV 300 Hz 1 Mm 1.24 peV 30 Hz 10 Mm 124 feV 3 Hz 100 Mm | 12.4 feV y= Gamma Rays HX= Hard X-Rays SX= Soft X-Rays EUV= Extreme MIR= Mid Infrared FIR= Far Infrared Radio waves EHF= Extremely High HF= High Frequency MF= Medium Frequency LF= Low Frequency VLF= Very low Frequency Ultraviolet Frequency _ : SHF= Super High Vat NUV= Near Ultraviolet Frequency VF/ULF= Voice Frequency _ . SLF= Super Low Frequency NIR= Near Infrared UHF= Ultra High ELF= Extremely Low VHF= Very High Frequency Frequency Frequency The 2007 “Bioinitiative Report”, updated on-line often, is well-peer-viewed, comprehensive, and useful to make the point of relevance for us...indicates that acute effects primarily involve tissue heating from these modalities. However, as with well- over 99% of the medical literature on field effects of RF and NIEMR (Non-ionizing Electromagnetic Radiation), heating isn’t the current concern. Rather, it is low-level, 14 UNCLASSIFIED / /F@?-OFFEG@E=USE-ONEY
UNCLASSIFIED / /POROPPREIAT USE ONET”
non-thermal, effects, and so much of the current literature is of little relevance for this
review [37]. That said, the Standards of the FCC (Federal Communications
Commission), WHO (World Health Organization), and other relevant industrial hygiene
and safety organizations comprehend the effects {at the high end} of acute exposures.
From [37] we see some interesting comments {Table One}
Table 1. LIMITS FOR MAXIMUM PERMISSIBLE EXPOSURE
Frequency Electric Field = Magnetic Field = Power Density Averaging
Range (MHz) Strength (E)} Strength (H)} (S) Time [E]2 [H]2
(V/m) (A/m) (mW/em’) or § (minutes)
0.3-3.0 614 1.63 (100)* 6
3.0-30 1842 4.89 (900)* 6
30-300 61.4 0.163 1.0 6
300-1500 6
1500-100000 3 6
*Plane-wave equivalent power density
NOTE: Occupational/controlled limits apply in situations in which persons are exposed
as a consequence of their employment, provided these persons are fully aware of the
potential for exposure and can exercise control over their exposure. Limits for
occupational/controlled exposure also apply in situations when an individual is transient
through a location where occupational/controlled limits apply provided he or she is
made aware of the potential for exposure. In the United States, the FCC enforces limits
for both occupational exposures in the workplace and public exposures. The exposure
limits are variable according to the frequency in megahertz and the duration of
exposure time {6 minutes for occupational and 30 minutes for public exposures}. Table
One shows exposure limits for occupational and uncontrolled public access to -
radiofrequency radiation such as is emitted from AM, FM, television and wireless
sources through the air. As an example, 583 microwatts/cm? (uW/cm7?) is the public
limit for the 875 MHz cell phone wireless frequency and 1000 pW/crm? is the limit for
PCS frequencies in the 1800 —- 1950 MHz range averaged over 30 minutes.
That is: we understand well that for 6 minutes {the same order of magnitude for which
we are interested in and concerned about unintended effects} of anomalous near-field
exposures...six minutes at the above levels constitute the point at which {from other
unquoted industrial hygiene definitions} for RF & NIEMR tissues heating of less than 0.5
degree C, locally to the dermis, will occur. Thus, when one hears reports that definitive
heating and even erythema and later second-degree burns are suffered, one can
reasonably infer these levels have been surpassed! [2,4, & Green, 2009 Technical
Study 10].
Also, in June, 2007, the WHO ELF (Extremely Low Frequency) Environmental Health
Criteria Monograph, EMF Program released its ELF Health Criteria Monograph. In the
report, they stated: “Acute biological effects have been established for exposure to ELF
electric and magnetic fieids in the frequency range up to 100 kHz that may have
adverse consequences on health. The metric for measurement is specific absorption
rate (SAR) and is expressed in watts per kilogram of tissue.”
The limit for absorption of radiofrequency radiation is limited to 1.6 W/kG within 1 gram
of human tissue. The SAR criteria to be used are specified below and apply for portable
devices transmitting in the frequency range from 100 kHz to 6 GHz. The limits used for
15
UNCLASSIFIED / 42@2-@555Gi Abe ESE-O DenUNCLASSIFIED / /P OT OPPECHE SEO
evaluation are based generally on criteria published by the Institute of Electrical and
Electronics Engineers, Inc., (IEEE) for localized specific absorption rate ("SAR") in
Section 4.2 of "IEEE Standard for Safety Levels with Respect to Human Exposure to
Radio Frequency Electromagnetic Fields, 3 kHz to 300 GHz," ANSI/IEEE C95.1-1992.
These criteria for SAR evaluation are similar to those recommended by the National
Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (NCRP)*”,
(1) FCC Limits for Occupational/Controlled Exposure: 0.4 W/kg as averaged over the
whole-body and spatial peak SAR not exceeding 8 W/kg as averaged over any 1 gram
of tissue {defined as a tissue volume in the shape of a cube}. Exceptions are the
hands, wrists, feet and ankles where the spatial peak SAR shall not exceed 20 W/kg, as
averaged over any 10 grams of tissue.
(2) FCC Limits for General Population/Uncontrolled Exposure: 0.08 W/kg as averaged
over the whole-body and spatial peak SAR not exceeding 1.6 W/kg as averaged over
any 1 gram of tissue. Exceptions are the hands, wrists, feet and ankles where the
spatial peak SAR shall not exceed 4 W/kg, as averaged over any 10 grams of tissue
(defined as a tissue volume in the shape of a cube) [37].
These, then, are the current {highly summarized} internationally accepted scientific
standards for acceptance of the levels for acute injury, incorporating the “heating”
criteria of acute injury for ELF through MHz bandwidths. In one sentence: acute injury
of early burning is not likely to occur at any bandwidth in narrow or mixed frequencies
below about 1.0 W/kg or 1.0 mW/cm? at the low end, over minutes, incident to the
human body in the near-field (feet to yards).
Although low-level and chronic effects are not of special interest to us, a recent review
by the American Cancer Society specifies the bandwidths of ELF / RF / Thermal / and
Noise effects from “Fields” of interest [38].
Of somewhat greater interest is the SAR versus frequency characteristics from which
one can adduce the injuries described in the preface to three antenna engineers, the
Cash-Landrum trio, and other cases. {Table Two, [1 p.281]}
Exposure of fibroblasts {cells used as sentinel cells in studies of RF and ionizing
radiation damage} to UHF Fields {849 MHz}, at high SAR levels {e.g. 10 W/kg, 1 hr}
do not result in any detectable damage. This includes endpoints of cell motility and
viability, cell cycle, cell distribution, cellular invasiveness, or cell migration. These
results hold even when exposures are extended to one hour per day for three days.
{39] Thus, in the Cash-Landrum case...one must assume that the RF and tissue heating,
clearly responsible for the erythema and burns, did not cause the cell dyscrasia and
subsequent gastrointestinal and malignant transformations; one assumes the cells DNA
damage was secondary to ionizing radiation [4,40].
Chapter Five: Cognitive and Neural Injury Mechanisms and
Effects
*v "Biological Effects and Exposure Criteria for Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields,” NCRP Report No, 86,
Section 17.4.5. Copyright NCRP, 1986, Bethesda, Maryland 20814.”
16
UNCLASSIFIED / / F@feOPPECIAE USE ONETUNCLASSIFIED / sFOR-OFREGHEEUSEOnE T=
A good many reports from both the human and the animal literature inform us of the
mechanisms by which RF can alter neurochemical processes. These RF effects are not
always elucidated as being high-field, or near-field, but in the laboratory they are “real
field.” Understanding the mechanisms is critical to understanding why some neuro-
psychiatric effects, if not “injury” occur in non-specific unclear dose-response patterns:
sleep disturbances, prolonged anxiety, acute and chronic headache including migraines,
seizures, and sensations of peripheral numbness, tingling, and parasthesiae are
reported often by workers near RF emitters that are “safe” and ubiquitously by persons
who encounter anomalous aerospace objects.
There are four separate problems, and four separate approaches to their mitigation in
attempting to analyze the medical literature.
e Much of the literature is with animals, of necessity: humans can not be
experimented upon at the levels of incident energy with which we are most
interested. But the experiments are often well-done, and inform us what is occurring
at the celfular level, from which we can make reasonable prediction and design of
forensic investigations for event investigations.
* By definition, the RF / EMF / NIEMR bandwidths are huge, as are the wavelengths
that may {or may not} penetrate skin and skull to actually impinge upon the cells
/neurons to cause putative injury, or sub-clinical effects in psychological and/or
psychiatric effects. We have reason to believe in the real-world the emitters are
complex, and the frequencies are multiple. But while there are currently
approximately 300,000 discreet science citations on “RF injury and brain” and the
good peer-reviewed exemplars number approximately 73, [41] the numbers will
admit to a meta-analysis with careful selection; it is clearly possible to determine
mechanism of action for discrete experimental condition, and analysis of inter-
subject and intra-neurochemical findings should be fruitful.
e There are often quite different effects, as a function of epidemiological study designs.
Most of the effects across thousands of subjects show no injury. That is to be
expected; Research is dominated by low-level dose effects {or not}. We should look
for acute, mid-to-high dose experiments in animals, that are peer-reviewed and
thus have been replicated, and which can be compared with accidental exposures
with humans in terms of frequency / bandwidth and dose to tissue.
e Sometimes the best research shows contradictory results. And, examination of the
subtle differences can possibly lead to striking and testable hypothesis — generation.
e There are sufficient behavioral studies in the literature to at least indicate in man
and {other} primates what are the lowest broadband mixed frequency levels at
which no acute effects occur. A seminal study done jointly by Syracuse University
and the Armstrong-Brooks USAF Laboratory defined the levels below which standard
exposures on the order of minutes did not alter neuropsychiatric test scores, or
decision-related scores. Ultra Wide Band (UWB) RF at a pulse repetition rate of 60Hz
and a bandwidth of 100 MHz to 1.5 GHz (peak power levels between 250-500 MHz)
with peak E-Field strength of 250 kV/m in repeated exposures produced no
detectable neuro effects [42].
As the purpose of this paper is to arque that data exists to “reverse engineer”
propulsion systems of anomalous aerospace vehicles, independent of origin, based on
17
UNCLASSIFIED / / P@R-@FHGHrHU6E-OhsUNCLASSIFIED / /F@R-OFFIGHH=-U6E-ONEe=
biology ... two recent examples will be given. Both are from papers published in tier one
medical journals, and both were published in the same month, and both were in the
same species {shown to biochemically be a good surrogate for man} utilizing similar
application methods in rat brain.
Case One: [43]
Fifteen minutes of a high dose {6W/kg} @ UHF {900 MHz} was applied. Endpoints
were measured acutely and sub-acutely, for ten days following a single exposure.
Reactivity of the supporting and nutrient cellular matrix (the glia) was seen at two
days, and less so at three days post exposure. The injury was of the form of an
inflammatory reaction and increased elaboration of new protein {possibly a repair
mechanism}. The areas affected were primarily the frontal cortex, and deeper areas of
the brain {caudate, putamen, and cerebellum} and cerebellum where the cerebellum is
responsible for signal integration.
Case Two: [44]
Ten minutes of a high dose {5W/kg} @ UHF {1439 MHz} was applied. Endpoints were
measured acutely. Blood-brain barrier {glial interface} permeability, leukocyte
behavior, microcirculatory rate and volume changes, and vessel diameter were
observed. There were no effects on these microcirculatory parameters.
These two cases are typical of hundreds this author has reviewed, and while confusing
initially, they are actually consistent with observations made in patient examinations of
real-world human cases:
e Contact {exceptionally near-field} effects at these frequencies negate any
conclusions as to wave-length effect: coupling may not occur in a “traditional” sense
of induced current or voltage causing cell transport effects.
e Generalized heating does occur, which dissipates over 48 hours. This is consistent
with human effects, and could mean that near field effects of EM of propulsion
systems at cm distances from the brain are served by the same mechanism of
surface heating. Also, the decrease {not absence} in neurological effects in 72 hours,
as reported frequently, may be supported by these animal experiments.
e The inflammatory reaction is not the result of increased microcirculation, and this
also may explain the paucity of data in human cases for acute and subacute
evidence for brain edema.
e One can hypothesize that in humans signs of erythema, but lack of overt burns and
blisters, presence of cognitive clouding for 48 hours {relative frontal cortical
sensitivity} and prolonged generalized sleep and anxiety complaints {but not
respiratory, hypertensive, or other deep nuclei other than caudate and putamen}
and muscle fasciculation’s and minor parasthesiae and motor coordination
{cerebellar} are consistent with the animal studies at UHF.
e The chronicity of neuropsychiatric and paucity of acute neurological signs continue
support of the hypothesis of a [relatively!] narrow HF through EHF, non-ionizing, RF
band of exposure.
18
UNCLASSIFIED / A5O2nO.EhEGhe SEO haeUNCLASSIFIED / / F@PR-@5EIGHHEUSEOHE
For completeness, we must mention that low-level, chronic {in excess of hours}
exposure to low levels of RF {on the order of 0.1 - 1.0 W/kg} has shown a plethora of
biological effects especially in animal studies, and mostly dealing with a neurochemical
endpoint [such as mentioned above with neuro-transmitter protein elaboration]. It is of
great interest, in the absence of injury per se that in the brain, differences can be found
of measured SARs even millimeters apart. [45] Evidence exists that, therefore,
measureable effects of as yet unknown importance exist. This data is complex,
incontrovertible, and may be of later interest for us in evaluating neuropsychiatric and
neurological claims of long-term chronic, low-level, or even “off-world” exposures to
high magnetic fields, rotating RF fields, and unconventional equipment.
No effects, however, in fluorescein, sucrose transport, peroxidase permeability, or blood
flow has been seen at acute SARs of 2.5 W/kg from 2450 MHz at 10 mW/cm2. But, for
1200 MHz at a SAR of 1.0W/kg, pulsed waves at 0.2 mW/cm2 or continuous wave for
30 minutes, permeability of the BBB does occur [46].
References & Working Data Bases
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19
UNCLASSIFIED / / ROR-O.EELGhAia SEO aenUNCLASSIFIED / / F@R-@EFEGH=U6E-ONE
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Lecture Series No. 138
[24] Green C. 2009 & 1978 {Unpublished Personal Archives}
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UNCLASSIFIED / / P@R-@5FEGR=USE OhiUNCLASSIFIED / / F@R-OFFIGEAEUSEONE=
[25] Machiori PE et.a/, 1995 Acute multiple mononeuropathy after accidental exposure
to oven microwaves Occup. Med 45:276-7
[26] Hocking B et.a/. 1988 Assessment of Health after radio-frequency radiation
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[27] McRee DI & Wachtel H 1986 Elimination of microwave effects on the vitality of
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[28] Forman SA et.al. 1982 Psychological symptoms and intermittent hypertension
following acute microwave exposure
[29] Wayne L et.al. 1984 Investigation of an active microwave - hand oven injury 1.
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[30] Riddervold IS ef. a/. 2008 Cognitive function and symptoms in adults and
adolescents in relation to RF radiation from UMTS base stations Bioelectromagnetics
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[31] arxiv.org/abs/0904.1198 2009 On the Influence of Weak Magnetic and Efectric
Fields on the Fluctuations of Ionic Electric Currents in Blood Circulation
[32] McRee DI & Wachtel H 1982 Pulse Microwave effects on nerve vitality Radiat Res
91:212-8
[33] Risling M 2009 Detailed Examples of Radio Frequency, Kinetic Energy, and Electro-
Muscular Devices; a Meta Review NATO RTO-EN-HFM-145: 2-1—2-7
[34] Bassett CA 1989 Fundamental and practical aspects of therapeutic uses of pulsed
electromagnetic fields Crit Rev Biomed Eng 17(5): 415-529
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[36] Loo CK et. af 2003 High (15 HZ) and low (1 HZ) frequency transcranial
stimulation have different acute effects on regional cerebral blood flow in depressed
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[37] C.F. Blackman, et.a/. 2007 http://www.bioinitiative.org/report/index.htm The
Bioinitiative Report: A Rationale for a Biologically-based Public Exposure Standard
for Electromagnetic Fields (ELF and RF)
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[39] Lee JJ, et. af. 2008 Acute Radiofrequency irradiation does not affect cell cycle,
migration, and invasion Bioelectromagnetics Dec. 29(8):615-25
(40] Green, CC 2001, 2009 Unpublished HIPPA files
{41] RF Injury and Brain literature Green C. 2009 8,006 citations
21
UNCLASSIFIED / (P@R-@FEEGHHrUSi-O hiUNCLASSIFIED / /POR Offre? vst Ont ar&as epg= Bas oq=&as_eq=&as_occt=any&as_sauthors= &as publication=&as_ylo=& as_yhi=&as_allsubj=all&hl=en&lr=&newwindow=1 73 citations http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez [42] Sherry, CJ et.al. 1995 Lack of Behavioral Effects after exposure to ultra wide-band electromagnetic radiation in the microwave frequency range Radiation Research 143(1) 93-97 [43] Brillaud & et. af, 2007 Effect of an acute 900 MHz GSM exposure on glia in the rat brain: a time-dependent study Toxicology 23891):23-33 [44] Masuda H. et.a/. 2007 Effects of acute exposure to a 1439 MHz electromagnetic field on the microcirculatory parameters in rat brain In Vivo 21(4):555-62 [45] Lai, H 1998 Neurological effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation Workshop on Biological and health effects of RF electromagnetic fields www.mapcruzin.com [46] Lai, H 1997 Neurological Effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation relating to Wireless Communication Technology www.mapcruzin.com [47] About the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM) http: //www.cdc.gov/nchs/about/otheract/icd9/abticd10.htm [48] Vallee Classification System http://www. yawp.com/3rd-i/rsrc/gloss/v/vallee.html [49] Definition of HIPAA http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=31785 22 UNCLASSIFIED / / POTeOFFECErUOE-Obies
UNCLASSIFIED / / F@R-OFFEGiire-UGE-@Aieiomm Appendix A: Schuessler Catalog of UFO-Related Human Physiological Effects (Frequency Distribution) The Schuessler catalog, UFO-Related Human Physiological Effects, was complied in 1996 by MUFON’s past Director, John F. Schuessler. Covering the time period 1873 - 1994, the catalog comprises a summary of 356 selected cases of UFO-induced physiological effects on humans during close encounters. Physiological effects enumerated include such phenomena as paralysis, electrical shocks, feeling of heat, burns, perception of odors, etc. A compilation of the frequency distribution of these effects is enumerated below. The catalog thus constitutes a useful data base from which it is anticipated that certain physical source causes may be inferred. Table of Effects Frequency Apparent abductions 129 Electromagnetic effects on vehicle(s) 77 Paralysis 75 Perceived time loss 75 Light beam effects 61 Eye injuries (e.g., temporary blindness, conjunctivitis) 54 Heat 43 Medical exam 42 Burns 41 Unconsciousness 33 Marks left on body 33 Significant sound effects (e.g., humming) 27 Electrical shock 23 Physiological/emotional shock, intense fear 23 Prickling, tingling sensations 22 Pain 22 Skin sores, rash 18 Induced headaches, migraines 18 Force field impact 18 Nausea, vomiting 17 Sensation of cold 16 Disorientation, confusion 14 Ground traces 10 Weakness, fatigue 9 Amnesia Apparent experience of telepathy Numbness Significant odors Voice loss Appetite loss Insomnia Perceived time suspension Dehydration Swelling of tissues Dizziness Weightlessness, levitation Healing Sexual encounters Deaths Diarrhea Hair loss Nightmares eoeeoeoerereeae oer eer oer seer ere soo ee ee oe eee oe eave ese PARAUMUUNUNAGANNVNOODOW 23 UNCLASSIFIED / / F@R-@FFEGEAIRUGEOhiae
UNCLASSIFIED / #-@R-OFFEGHVUSEONE Claimed ESP development Nose bleeds Tastes Ringing in ears Weight loss Breathing problems Urination problems Gynecological problems Claimed implant Perceived teleportation Stunned Ttching Loss of taste Loss of hearing Induced feeling of calm, serenity eecoevve aero eeoneoe NVNNMNNWWWWWWWbeur And, in no particular order, one each of: EM effects on power system, involuntary muscle movement, induced body odor, wart growth, sooty deposit, mental enhancement, mental degradation, swallowing difficulty, teeth vibration, fillings crumbled, hair precipitously turned white, time sped up, unaccounted-for pregnancy, cancer, fever, stomach sickness, physiological energization, loss of smell, external control of vehicle, material evidence. 24 UNCLASSIFIED / / B@Rp-@5ELGRir EGO
UNCLASSIFIED / /F@R-@F FSGS E-@iee Appendix B: Green/Morris Example to Show the Global Breadth of Available Older ICD Case Inputs From Multiple Data Sources (red =pending ICD classification) 1952 SOUTH AFRICA, WORCESTER CAPE 1952/07/22 AUSTRALIA, NSW, SYDNEY 1952/07/24 ITALY, VICO 1954/09/10 FRANCE, VALENCIENNES 1954/09/17 FRANCE, CENON 1954/09/28 FRANCE, BOUZAIS 1954/09/30 FRANCE, MARCILLY-SUR-VIENNE 1954/10/01 FRANCE, BRY 1954/10/05 FRANCE, LE MANS 10. 1954/10/07 FRANCE, MONTEUX 11. 1954/10/09 FRANCE, LAVOUX 12. 1954/10/11 FRANCE, SASSIER 13. 1954/10/13 FRANCE, BOURRASOLE 14. 1954/10/16 FRANCE, BAILLOLET 15. 1954/10/18 FRANCE, near COHEIX 16. 1954/10/20 FRANCE, TURQUENSTEIN 17. 1954/10/20 ITALY, PARRAVICINO D'ERBA 18. 1954/10/21 ITALY, MELITO 19. 1954/10/21 FRANCE, LA ROCHELLE 20. 1954/10/21 FRANCE, POUZOU 21. 1954/10/21 ENGLAND, RANTON, STAFFORDSHIRE 22. 1954/10/26 FRANCE, LA MADIERE 23. 1954/10/27 FRANCE, LINZEUX 24, 1954/11/02 BRAZIL, SANTO AMARO 25. 1954/11/05 FRANCE, LA ROCHE-EN-BRENIL 26. 1954/11/08 FRANCE, LA-TESSOUALLE 27. 1954/11/08 ENGLAND, CROYDON, SURREY 28. 1954/11/13 FRANCE, near BUCHY 29. 1054/11/14 ITALY, ISOLA 30. 1954/12/19 VENEZUELA, VALENCIA 31. 1955 VIRGINIA 32. 1955/01/23 PENNSYLVANIA, DARBY TOWNSHIP 33. 1955/03/30 ARIZONA, near TUCSON 34. 1955/07/17 ENGLAND, KENT 35. 1956/09 FRANCE, SERDON 36. 1956/10/02 NEW JERSEY, TRENTON 37. 1957/09 BRAZIL, CAMPINAS 38. 1957/11/02 TEXAS, nr. LEVELLAND 39. 1957/11/04 BRAZIL, FORT ITAIPU 40. 1957/11/04 NEW MEXICO, near OROGRANDE 41. 1957/11/05 TEXAS, SAN ANTONIO 42. 1957/11/10 OHIO, MADISON 43. 1957/12/07 TEXAS, DALLAS 44, 1958 OHIO, MADISON 45. 1958/01/27 PERU, AREQUIPA 46. 1958 NEW HAMPSHIRE, BETHLEHEM 47. 1958/10/26 MARYLAND, LOCH RAVEN DAM 48. 1959/04/24 BRAZIL, PIATA 49, 1959/04/27 BRAZIL, SAO PAULO 50. 1959/09/27 OREGON, COOS BAY 51. 1959/10 SWEDEN, MARIANNELUND 52. 1960/03/02 AUSTRIA, LABUTTENDORF 53. 1960/04 FRANCE, PUY-DE-DOME PONAMAWNE 25 UNCLASSIFIED / (F@R-@FEREGEH=UGEONE==
UNCLASSIFIED / /$@R-@56EGIhIAGEOAi » 1960/09FLORIDA, BRUNNEL/ST. AUGUSTINE . 1961/03ENGLAND, PATERSON'S GROYNE, near DURHAN - 1962/11 ARGENTINA, SALTA/SAN MIGUEL DE TUCUMAN - 1963/08/04ILLINOIS, WAYNE CITY . 1963/10/12BRAZIL, MONTE-MAIZ . 1964/04/14CALIFORNIA, nr. CHICO . 1964/06/02NEW MEXICO, HOBBS - 1964/06/29GEORGIA, nr. LAVONIA 1964/09/14FRANCE, VALENCIENNES . 1965/03/15FLORIDA, nr. IMOKALLEE (110 miles from Ft. Myers) - 1965/09/03TEXAS, nr DAMON - 1965/09/14ENGLAND, nr MERSEA, ESSEX - 1965/12/20MINNESOTA, nr HERMANN 1966CANADA, HAMILTON, ONTARIO . 1966/04NEW YORK, nr SINCLAIRVILLE - 1966/04/0LOKLAHOMA, TANGIER - 1966/04/170HI0, nr AKRON » 1966/04/25PENNSYLVANIA, nr TOWANDA . 1966/04/28ENGLAND, SAWTRY « 1967SOUTH DAKOTA, PIERRE - 1968/01/02CANADA, WHITEHORSE, YUKON . 1968/02/19 CANADA, BENGOUGH, SASKATCHEWAN . 1968/03/190H10, BEALLSVILLE . 1968/04/04 WISCONSIN, nr. COCHRANE . 1968/06/25 ARGENTINA, SAN LORENZO . 1968/07/0LARGENTINA, RICARDONE . 1968/08FRANCE, COTE D'OR REGION - 1968/O8NEW YORK, CATSKILL MOUNTAINS, nr. ALBANY . 1968/08/29NEVADA, nr. ELY 1968/09/OLARGENTINA, MENDOZA . 1968/09/09BRAZIL, LINS . 1968/11/01PERU - 1969/2-4ENGLAND, nr. RAF FAIRFORD, WILTSHIRE . 1969/02/06BRAZIL, PIRASSUNUNGA . 1969/03/04MISSOURI, nr. ATLANTA . 1969/03/06MISSOURI, GLENWOOD - 1969/03/11 BRAZIL, CAMPINAS, SAO PAULO - 1969/06/19ENGLAND, DOCKING . 1970/08/30BRAZIL, ITATIAIA . 70/8 or SAUSTRALIA, SYDNEY, NEW SOUTH WALES . 1970/10/29NORWAY, JAEREN . 1971/08/O01LAUSTRALIA, GLADSTONE, QUEENSLAND . 1971/09/20SWEDEN, nr. ALVBYNVAGEN UNCLASSIFIED / -2@R-@FFEGH=USE-ONEr
UNCLASSIFIED / /@R-@FEIGHE-USE-Ohia= Appendix C Green /Morris ICD-Codes [47] versus Environmental Effects after Vallee CE2,CE4,CE5; AN5; MAS; FBS Ratings [48] ; SVP (Source, Visit, Possible explanation and ratings not germane) in draft- progress. NOTES: 1} The National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS), the Federal agency responsible for use of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th revision (ICD-10) in the United States, has devefoped a clinical modification of the classification for morbidity purposes. The clinical modification represents a significant improvement over ICD-9-CM and ICD- 10. Specific improvements include: the addition of information relevant to ambulatory and managed care encounters; expanded injury codes; the creation of combination diagnosis/symptom codes to reduce the number of codes needed to fully describe a condition [47] 2} Vallee Ratings [48] ; AN RATING Classifies any anomalous behaviour. Anomalies which have no lasting physical effects. i.e. amorphous lights, unexplained explosions. 2 Anomalies which do have lasting physical effects. i.e. poltergeists, materialized objects, areas of flattened grass, corn circles. AN3 Anomalies with associated entities. i.e. ghosts, yetis, spirits, elves and other mythical/legendary entities. Witness interaction with the AN3 entities. i.e. near-death experiences, religious miracles and visions, OBEs (out-of-body experiences). Anomalous reports of injuries and deaths. i.e. SHC(spontaneous human ANS5 combustion), unexplained wounds as well as permanent healing that results from a paranormal experience. ANI AN AN4 27 UNCLASSIFIED / / F@F@>EEGEM=UGEONE
UNCLASSIFIED / /#@R-055EGhi=U6E-ONEY MA RATING Describes behavior of a UFO. It is analogous to the Nocturnal Light, Daylight Disk and Radar Visual Hynek classifications. A UFO has been observed which travels in a discontinuous trajectory. i.e. vertical drops, maneuvers or loops. MA2 MAi plus any physical effects caused by the UFO. 3 MA1 plus any entities observed on board. i.e. the airship cases of the late nineteenth century. MA4 Maneuvers accompanied by a sense of reality transformation for the observer. MAS A maneuver that results in a permanent injury or death of the witness. MAIL MA FB RATING Fly-by rating. FB1 A simple sighting of a UFO traveling in a straight line across the sky. FB2 FB1 accompanied by physical evidence. FB3 A fly-by where entities are observed on board (rare). A fly-by where the witness. experienced a transformation of reality into the object or its occupants. FBS A fly-by which the witness would suffer permanent injuries or even death. i.e. CASH/LANDRUM CASE. FB4 CE RATING Close Encounter rating. Similar to the Hynek Close Encounter ratings. UFO comes within 500 feet of the witness, but no after effects are suffered by the witness or the surrounding area. CE2 A CE1 that leaves landing traces or injuries to the witness. CE3 Entities have been observed on the UFO. CE4 The witness has been abducted. CES CE4 which results in permanent psychological injuries or death. CEL 3} HIPAA Compliance of this Study - HIPAA: Acronym that stands for the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, a US law designed to provide privacy standards to protect patients' medical records and other health information provided to health plans, doctors, hospitals and other health care providers. Developed by the Department of Health and Human Services, these new standards provide patients with access to their medical records and more control over how their personal health information is used and disclosed. They represent a uniform, federal floor of privacy protections for consumers across the country. [49] 28 UNCLASSIFIED / / F@ie OFFICE USE-ONEY
UNCLASSIFIED / /PORoOPPICEH-USE-ONE “TRINA UD 9 [HO sSALOpE) aUApIS [LDA page wos soweyy Jeu ming] CUNY 4o[psInyEy NY Daeg PIUHLAdy PALA WA APP. Ue poyja spaUAEUNE OIE afqo , waasaznydsang,, yg 30 ti Xa (dine] aurop.any j) pafqu duysum sey AURA OAD porque Smpogy 041 Bapuey paupeoaddy: OAL eH, ) fe ANAL O41 PL 40) mupop Re palo pre APIOUFUNESEUERY,, seg sumnag, ange ayqnog xq snag uinsg RyaE fq SpAG tusay erat ed Yonnayy uroq psa Sq yanaIs jay yo mreagy oy Nema aI Jo mH, BARE L Jo tag NAIL O ASH, eS Seo TMB | ABWELC-pOH soe ea oep-ystpang NO] ARLE ds) Mon TURPL ondang NOE MTT ANG woy usr adueaC) TMB L BY ORNL SHY AL SOLE BG WN POUR prog aaa al aay) 4ayeareing AP9g| pinto at xy agra a9] ano Bupa 409] plntog Sung ae] | punag Bupeoy 39} f puns rds ITAL Pung Busey | SEO p] punes ay uring] sHOyy gay Saw CgTT UU REA Wonsnany pose 46 43 e 22338 ‘oue Gieed Cognttive/Emotional Amvesia R41 ot 30 vt BE 88 8 Fi z g ff & vept & . a] s , oe . oe “ = es B z= 8 s 3 3 2 = Ea 5 é Z : g sd & ¥ ‘ H e3 A i oe £_2e8e ££ 3Eg282 Esgiais Es oy Pees everess es goTEsSEs TILE EESER CERT ES REESE ESsg32833E 322232 107 ne Clocaneny Stat 22 24d 9703) wWeED “ a & g Aa 100 108 16 29 UNCLASSIFIED/ /5@2e@E5365¢inUEE-GIieee
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